Analysis of screening results of urban cancer early diagnosis and treatment project in Taiyuan City in 2020 / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To analyze the screening results of urban cancer early diagnosis and early treatment project in Taiyuan City in 2020.Methods:Based on the method of cluster sampling, taking the urban community of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province as the research site, all permanent residents aged 45-74 years (with local household registration and living in the local area for over 3 years) from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected. The cancer patients with confirmed diagnosis and those with severe medical and surgery diseases receiving treatment were excluded. The basic data and risk factors of the population were collected through questionnaires and the screening results were obtained from clinical screening in the project hospitals, and then the high risk rate of cancer, the detection rate of positive lesions, and the detection rate of suspected cases were calculated.Results:A total of 5 878 people participated in the screening of cancer early diagnosis and early treatment project. Among them, a total of 3 003 people (51.09%) were evaluated as a high-risk group of cancer. The sequence from low to high of positive detection rates of different cancers was listed as follow: liver cancer (3.87%, 21/542), upper gastrointestinal cancer (13.88%, 78/562), colorectal cancer (15.78%, 71/450), breast cancer (25.79%, 122/473), and lung cancer (54.92%, 536/976). Among them, the detection rate of positive lesions of lung cancer and liver cancer in males was higher than that in females, while the detection rate of positive lesions of the remaining cancer types in males was lower than that in females. The detection rates of suspected cases of various cancer types from low to high were listed as follow: liver cancer (0, 0/542), upper gastrointestinal cancer (0.55%, 3/562), lung cancer (0.71%, 7/976), breast cancer (2.75%, 13/473) and colorectal cancer (3.11%, 14/450). Among them, the detection rate of suspected cases of lung cancer in males was higher than that in females, and the detection rate of suspected cases of upper gastrointestinal cancer and colorectal cancer in males was lower than that in females.Conclusions:In the process of carrying out the project of early diagnosis and early treatment of cancer in Taiyuan in 2020, the public participation enthusiasm and compliance are good, but the detection rate of positive lesions and suspected cases are at a high level. The prevention and control of cancer cannot be ignored. Further publicity and education should be done, and more reasonable screening methods should be explored, so as to better improve the effect of cancer screening.

Analysis of risk assessment and screening results of lung cancer among residents in 3 cities of Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2018 / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the risk of lung cancer and screening results of residents in 3 cities of Shanxi Province from 2014 to 2018.Methods:Cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents from 3 cities (Taiyuan, Jincheng and Yangquan) in Shanxi Province from January 2014 to December 2018 for lung cancer risk assessment. People at high risk of lung cancer were screened by low-dose spiral CT. The screening results were analyzed and the influencing factors of lung cancer occurrence were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression.Results:184 539 people were included in the survey, and 36 790 people (19.94%) were at high risk of lung cancer. The detection rate of high-risk of lung cancer in men was higher than that in women [29.76% (25 690/184 539) vs. 11.30% (1 100/184 539), χ2 = 10.44, P = 0.001]. A total of 12 660 people (34.41%) at high risk of lung cancer participated in clinical screening, and 3 038 people (24.00%) were positive in clinical screening for lung cancer. There were no statistical differences in the positive rate of clinical screening among people at high risk of lung cancer with different gender, nationality, education, marital status, occupation, history of harmful substance exposure, coal burning, clean heating, indoor oil fumes, and history of pulmonary tuberculosis (all P > 0.05). There were statistical differences in the positive rate of clinical screening among people at high risk of lung cancer with different age, smoking, drinking, drinking tea, physical exercise, exposure time of second-hand smoke, living environment air pollution, history of emphysema, history of pneumoconiosis, family history of lung cancer, mental depression, and history of trauma (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 50 years old, smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke for 1-14 years, living environment air pollution, history of emphysema, family history of lung cancer, and mental depression were the risk factors for positive clinical screening in people at high risk of lung cancer (all P < 0.05), and physical exercise was the protective factor for positive clinical screening in people at high risk of lung cancer ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:The screening rate of people at high risk of lung cancer in 3 cities of Shanxi Province needs to be improved. The detection rate of intrapulmonary nodules in people at high risk of lung cancer is mainly affected by age, smoking, exposure time of second-hand smoke, family history of lung cancer, history of emphysema and other factors.

Epidemiological characteristics and prognostic affecting factors analysis of non-small cell lung cancer from 2015 to 2019 in Shanxi / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and prognostic affecting factors of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Shanxi from 2015 to 2019.Methods:A total of 17 082 patients with NSCLC in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. The medical records of all patients were retrieved, and the epidemiological characteristics of the patients' age, gender, occupation and smoking history were analyzed. All patients were given conventional treatment and followed up for 18 months. According to the follow-up results, they were divided into the death group (4 391 cases) and the survival group (12 691 cases). The single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients.Results:Among 17 082 patients with NSCLC, there were 3 058 cases (17.91%) in 2015, 3 129 cases (18.32%) in 2016, 3 325 cases (19.46%) in 2017, 3 564 cases (20.86%) in 2018, and 4 006 cases (23.45%) in 2019, and the number of confirmed cases in different years showed an upward trend ( χ2 = 21.593, P < 0.05). The incidence rate of males was slightly higher than that of females [51.76% (8 841/17 082) vs. 48.24% (8 241/17 082)], 64.12% (10 953/17 082) occurred in the 61-80 years old population, and the occupational distribution was predominantly workers [34.08% (5 821/17 082)] and farmers [30.00% (5 124/17 082)]; there were 56.69% (9 683/17 082) patients with a history of smoking. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, tumor staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, sensitive mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor, and initial pleural effusion were independent factors influencing the poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of NSCLC in Shanxi from 2015 to 2019 is on the rise. The incidence of this disease is related to gender, age and occupation. There are many factors affecting the prognosis of patients, and targeted interventions can help improve the prognosis.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infection in 472 Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), in order to guide better clinical prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection.@*METHODS@#The incidence of nosocomial infection, infection site, characteristics of pathogenic bacteria, drug sensitivity test results and infection risk factors of 472 non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2015 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 472 patients, 97 (20.6%) had nosocomial infection, mainly in the lower respiratory tract (41.2%), followed by oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, urogenital tract, and blood. A total of 71 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including Gram-negative (G@*CONCLUSION@#NHL patients show high nosocomial infection rate and lower respiratory tract infection is common. Hospital day, clinical stage, presence of bone marrow invasion, and neutrophil count in peripheral blood are independent risk factors.

An investigation of bacillary dysentery outbreaks in three schools in Ankang / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate risk factors and epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery outbreaks in three schools, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic in the future.@*Methods@#Case definition was established. All suspected, possible and confirmed cases of all students and faculty members from 3 schools (A, B, C) were selected for epidemiological investigation. Control group was used for case-control analysis, and relevant samples were collected for laboratory testing.@*Results@#A total of 132 cases were found in 3 schools, all of which were from students, with the incidence rate of 17.74%. The morbidity in kindergarten A was 20.00%, in center primary school B it was 21.74%, and in junior middle school C it was 11.61%. Cohort studies and casecontrol studies suggested that schools are exposed places and that washing hands with raw water in schools was possible risk factor [OR(95%CI) =4.50(1.01-20.11)]. Nine stool samples were tested in laboratory, among which 8 were positive for Shigella(88.99%), and Shigella was detected in the end nodes of school s pipeline network, the water samples from canteen bucket, and the floor drains of sewer pipe.@*Conclusion@#The bacillary dysentery outbreaks in 3 schools was caused by Shigella, which may be due to fecal contamination of domestic water in 3 schools before the start of the school year. It is suggested to strengthen the management of centralized water supply and construction in rural areas, intensify the supervision at all levels, and sanitation and disinfection before school opens at all levels.

Determination of six compounds in Berberidis Cortex and comparative study of its different species / 中国中药杂志

In order to clarify the characteristic components of Berberidis Cortex,the preparative liquid chromatography and spectral analysis methods were used to separate and identify the unknown components in the water extract of Berberidis Cortex. Two compounds were isolated and identified as bufotenidine and ferulic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. They were both isolated for the first time from Berberidis Cortex and Berberis. In addition,an HPLC method was successfully established for simultaneously determination of six compounds in Berberidis Cortex,and chemometric methods were used to study the chemical differences among three main species of Berberidis Cortex. The results suggested that jatrorrhizine and bufotenidine are the main difference compounds among the three species.Compared with B. kansuensis and B. diaphana,B. vernae contains significantly more jatrorrhizine(P<0. 01),and the content of bufotenidine in B. vernae was significantly higher than that in B. kansuensis(P<0. 05). Considering these results,further research is necessary to reveal the pharmacological activities of bufotenidine and the pharmacodynamic differences between the three species. The results could provide a reference for quality control,the basic research on effective substances,and development of Berberidis Cortex.

Correlation Between Chemical Constituents and Ecological Factors of Tibetan Medicine Swertia mussotii / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The HPLC fingerprinting of Swertia mussotii was established to study the correlation between chemical components and ecological factors in different areas. Method:The fingerprint of S. mussotii was established by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),and the evaluation and analysis were made based on the " Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System 2004A Edition" promulgated by the National Pharmacopoeia Commission. The analysis was carried out on a Wondasil C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm), with methanol-0.2%phosphoric acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution,and the column temperature was set at 30℃. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, and the detection wavelength was set at 245 nm. And data on ecological factors in each sample habitat, such as climate and soil, were collected. The gray correlation and bivariate analysis were carried out on the chemical constituents and ecological factors of medicinal materials in different areas using DPS data processing system and SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Result:The HPLC fingerprint of S. mussotii was established,a total of 12 common fingerprint peaks were marked, and the chemical constituent of the seven peaks were determined. The chemical constituents, such as swertiamain and mangiferin of S. mussotii, were significantly correlated with ecological factors. Moreover,the chemical constituents were obviously affected by the monthly average temperature range,annual precipitation,precipitation seasonality in the climatic factors,the soil organic carbon ratio and soil pH in the soil factors. Conclusion:The chemical constituents of S. mussotii have a correlation with the external ecological factors,the findings could provide a basis for the artificial planting of the medicinal material and the scientific connotation of the " environment-based" theory for Tibetan medicines.

Study on Main Treatment Diseases and Medication Rule in Sichuan Nanpai Tibetan Medicine Based on Data Mining / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the academic characteristics and connotation of Sichuan Nanpai Tibetan medicine （SNTM）， to provide relevant information for the inheritance and development of Nanpai Tibetan medicine， and to provide reference for the development and utilization of commonly used medicinal materials in SNTM. METHODS： The type characteristics， medication frequency， main treatment disease and medication rule of 672 preparations of Tibetan hospital of SNTM were analyzed by means of data mining， statistical analysis and inductive deduction methods of TCM inheritance support system （TCMISS）. Based on the core combination drugs， the new prescriptions were evolved by the entropy hierarchical clustering method. RESULTS： A total of 624 medicinal materials were used in formulation of SNTM， involving 509 plant drugs （81.67％）， 61 mineral drugs （9.77％） and 54 animal drugs （8.65％）. There were 16 medicines with frequency＞120； among them， top 3 medicines were Terminalia chebula （57.44％）， Carthamus tinctorius （43.15％） and Aucklandia lappa （42.26％）. Main treatment diseases involved 13 categories， and top 3 categories were gastric diseases （28.13％）， hepatobiliary diseases （12.80％） and neurological diseases （11.90％）. In the treatment of stomach diseases， T. chebula， C. tinctorius， Alpinia katsumadai， Piper longum， A. lappa and Punica granatum were mainly used； totally 61 commonly used drug combinations were obtained and the most commonly used combination was P. longum-A. katsumadai. In the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases， T. chebula， C. tinctorius， Herpetospermum caudigerum， Swertia bimaculata， Zhaxun were mainly used； 64 commonly used drug combinations were obtained and the most commonly used combination is T. chebula-C. tinctorius. In the treatment of neurological diseases， Myristica fragrans， T. chebula， A. lappa， Syzygium aromaticum， Aquilaria sinensis， Choerospondias axillaris were mainly used； 73 commonly used drug combinations were obtained， and the most commonly used combination was T. chebula-M. fragrans. 5 candidate new formulations had been evolved by the entropy hierarchical clustering method， involving Lacciferlacca-Lithospermum erythrorhizon-Rubia cordifolia- Punica granatum. CONCLUSIONS： Obtained high frequency drug pairs and evolved new candidate formulation based on the core combinations drugs of SNTM for commonly diseases can provide reference for the development of modern new Tibetan medicines for gastric， hepatobiliary and neurological diseases.

Fecal Tibetan medicines / 中国中药杂志

Fecal Tibetan medicines have a long history of application in China, with a good clinical efficacy. In order to promote the development and modernization of these medicines, we consulted ancient and modern Tibetan medicine literatures to collect and summarize the names, original species, natures, flavor, functions and processing methods of fecal Tibetan medicines. A total of 35 fecal Tibetan medicines were collected, such as Jiufen, Heibingpian, Langfen, Mafen, Goufen, Gezifen. The most commonly used medicines were Jiufen and Heibingpian. Both were mainly used for the treatment of indigestion, food abdominal distension, gastric ulcer, and other gastrointestinal diseases. At present, there are only a few studies on the active ingredients, pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action of these medicines. Therefore, further study shall be conducted. The regulation of gut microbiota may be a new way to evaluate the effectiveness of fecal Tibetan medicines and their mechanism of action.

Study on the birth order of patients with gastric cancer in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To analyze the birth order of gastric cancer patients in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital,and to explore the relationship between environmental factors,genetic factors and gastric cancer.Methods The Greenwood and Yule,Haldane and Smith birth order methods were used to conduct an epidemiological investigation on 554 patients with gastric cancer surgery from January 2004 to December 2007 in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital,and the birth order of their siblings was studied.Results Results from the Greenwood and Yule method showed that there was a tendency for patients with gastric cancer in birth order first to third.However,the Haldane and Smith method showed that the results were quite different between actual value and the average theory value of 6A [6A(actual value)=7 644,(x)6A(average theory value)=8 511,x=|6A-(x)6A|/√v6A=4.86,x＞2,P <0.01] which suggested that the birth order had some effects on the occurrence of gastric cancer.In addition,the actual value of 6A was lower than theoretic average value,and the parents at younger productive age or baby at the first birth was easy to develop gastric cancer.Conclusions Gastric cancer patients in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital is related with the birth order,especially at early order.There are certain effects of environmental risk factors on gastric cancer.

Minimally invasive conjunctivorhinostomy for the treatment of complete bicanalicular obstruction / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of minimally invasive conjunctivorhinostomy for complete bicanalicular obstruction, and to evaluate the advantages, complications, and degree of satisfaction after this technique. ●METHODS: Twenty - two patients ( 22 eyes ) with complete bicanalicular obstruction were selected as the research subjects, all patients were treated by minimally invasive conjunctivorhinostomy. The post - operation follow- up lasted for 3 - 27mo. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, surgical time, length of the tubes, duration of follow-up, patency of the tube, postoperative complications, whether satisfied or dissatisfied with this procedure. Meanwhile, the data was analyzed for evaluating the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive conjunctivorhinostomy. ●RESULTS: The overall operative success rate was 95%(21/22), and the overall patient satisfaction was 68% (15/22 ) . The post - operation complications included:granulation tissue proliferation of the lower end of the tube 2 cases (9%), middle turbinate blocked the opening of tube 3 cases ( 14%) , nasal mucosa covering the opening of tube 1 case ( 5%) , the tube was blocked by secreta 5 cases ( 23%) , foreign body sensation 10 cases (45%), dry eye 2 cases ( 9%), regurgitation of nasal secreta discharge 8 cases (36%). ●CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive conjunctivorhinostomy can treat the complete bicanalicular obstruction. This operation method is characterized by simplicity, high success rate, short operative time, less tissue trauma, less complications, without facial scarring, and it is worth clinical promotion.

The first phantom study on the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative ultrasound elastography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of the range and the frequency of the compression load on the accuracy for discerning target stiffness differences in ultrasound elastography.Methods Quantitative ultrasound elastography was achieved by integrating two compression force sensors,a laptop computer and a clinical ultrasound elastographic system.The force sensors and the ultrasound probe were assembled in a 3D printed mounting bracket for continuous monitoring of compression loads during ultrasound elastography. Both the force measurements and the elastographic maps were acquired and displayed on the laptop computer in real time.Four targets of the same diameter(10.4 mm),the same depth (3 cm) and different stiffness levels (8,14,45 and 80 kPa) were examined by a HITACHI preirus,L74M linear-array transducer.Each target was evaluated 45 times with two different method(i.e.,freehand elastography and quantitative elastography),yielding 1 80 evaluations.The data were divided into the following three groups:group Ⅰ(80 kPa vs 45,14 and 8 kPa),group Ⅱ(80,45kPa vs 14,8 kPa)and group Ⅲ(80,45 and 14 kPa vs 8 kPa).Area under ROC curves(AUC)were calculated for different stiffness levels.Results In group Ⅲ, quantitative elastography yielded an greater AUC level than that of freehand elastography(P =0.0379).In group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,two methods yielded the similar AUC levels (P = 1 .000).However,quantitative elastography was able to discern 8 kPa and 14 kPa targets (P <0.001),while freehand elastography was hard to differentiate them(P =0.258).Conclusions In comparison with freehand elastography,quantitative ultrasound elastography is able to improve the accuracy for discerning different target stiffnesses.

Clinical features on chromophobe renal cell carcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To explore the clinical, pathological features and prognosis of patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1998 to January 2008, clinical data of 29 patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma including clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, treatment models, pTNM stages and follow-up results, were summarized to investigate its features and prognosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases had no obvious clinical and preoperative imaging presentation. There were 23 patients underwent radical nephrectomy, and 6 cases underwent nephron sparing surgery. Postoperative pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Macroscopically, the cut surface of the tumors were generally beige in color. Histologically, it showed polygonal chromophobe cells and small round eosinophilic cells with eccentric hyaline degeneration. These tumor cells had a clear and sharp membrane, lightly stained abundant cytoplasm with a fine reticular translucent pattern and irregular nuclei. And a perinuclear halo was often seen in these cells. Histochemically, the tumor cells generally show a diffuse and strong reaction for CK-8 with a negative expression of Vimentin. The pTNM stages of the tumor were as follows, pT1N0M0 in 11 cases, pT2N0M0 in 8 cases, pT3aN0M0 in 5 cases, pT1N1M0 in 3 cases, pT2N1M0 in 2 cases. Twenty-six cases of patients were followed up (24 to 144 months, with an average of 90 months), 3 cases died of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and local recurrence involved in 6 cases with reoperation in 4 cases, as well as distant metastasis in 1 case. Twenty-one cases survived with tumor-free. The statistical results indicated that the survival rates of the patients with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in five years and ten years were 83.9%, 77.9%, respectively, compared with renal cell carcinoma of the same stage 63.8% and 49.9% at the same periods, and there is no difference in the survival rate of five years (P > 0.05) but significant difference in that of ten years (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a morphologically uncommon subtype of renal cell carcinoma with the good prognosis. Definite diagnosis depends on its typical pathological feature. Radical nephrectomy is the first choice for the treatment of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.</p>

Dynamic changes of sICAM-1 in patients suffering from hemorrhage fever with renal syndrome / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To study the dynamic changes of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and to assess its role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever(HFRS) with renal syndrome. Methods A total of 30 patients with HFRS(case group) and 20 healthy subjects (control group) from Worker Hospital of Finance & Commerce of Qiqihar city were included in the study during 2006 - 2007. Double-antibody sandwich ELISA method was used to measure the level of sICAM-1 in serum samples. Results The serum levels of sICAM-1 in patients with HFRS in early stage, critical stage, convalescent stage were(47.56±6.51), (94.23±15.36), (54.19±8.42)ng/L,respectively. The serum level of sICAM-1 in control group was (22.63±3.40)ng/L. The above values were compared between any two groups, differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). The serum level of urea nitrogen in patients with HFRS in early stage, critical stage, convalescent stage were (5.16±0.12), (33.84±9.24),(8.20±1.30)mmol/L, respectively. The serum level of urea nitrogen in control group was (4.20±0.56)mmol/L.The above value were compared between any two groups, the differences were statistically significant (all P< 0.01). Conclusions sICAM-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of HFRS as protective factors. Cellular immune playes an important role in the pathogenesis of HFRS.

Influencing factors of porcine spermatozoa binding and internalization exogenous DNA / 中国兽医学报

Sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) is one of the most methods in the transgenic animal research and the efficiency of spermatozoa binding and internalization exogenous DNA after sperm/DNA co-culture is important to a successful SMGT.In this study,the influencing factors of exogenous DNA uptake by spermatozoa were detected using DIG labeled EGFP as exogenous gene.The results demonstrated that porcine spermatozoa could spontaneously take up exogenous DNA which mainly binding occurs on the sub-acrosomal and nuclei region of the sperm head.The rate of spermatozoa binding exogenous DNA increased with the extending action of time.At 37℃ and 39℃,the rate of spermatozoa uptake exogenous DNA would not increase after 60 min incubation,and the similar result was observed on 90 min at 17℃.Binding rates and internalization rates of washed ejaculated sperm cells from the 15 boars varied between 6.57%-35.81% and 2.990%-24.66%,respectively.The binding rate and intemalization rate were mostly inhibited by seminal plasma.The binding rates were significantly increased by liposome and DMSO,respectively.Dead-spermatozoa could bind exogenous DNA,the intermalization process could not be completed.Furthermore,the highest binding rate was found in membrane broken spermatozoa as a result of freeze-thawing and this was independent of the sperm donors.

Conditioned mediums of different rat cerebral microvascular endothelial cells against damage of ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion neurons / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE: Using the method of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, to observe the activities of rat cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) intervened by Tongluo Jiunao Injection (TLJNI), a traditional Chinese compound drug removing toxin to dredge brain collaterals, and then further study the effects of different kinds of conditioned mediums (CMECs-CM) of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells on ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion cerebral cortex cells, and to probe into the drug pharmacological mechanisms of CMECs in modulating the neurons. METHODS: Three kinds of CMECs (normal, ischemic and ischemic/reperfusional) were all treated by TLJNI previously, and then the three pairs of CMECs-CM without serum were collected respectively for LDH assay. Rat cerebral cortex neurons were also primarily cultured and then divided into similar three groups (normal, ischemic and ischemic/reperfusional). The neuron responses caused by CMECs-CM at different concentrations were observed by using LDH transudation rate assay. RESULTS: The LDH release values of ischemic and ischemic/reperfusional CMECs with TLJNI treatment were obviously reduced (P<0.01) compared with the same kinds of CMECs untreated. For ischemic neurons, both conditioned medium of ischemic CMECs (Is-CM) and conditioned medium of ischemic CMECs with drug treatment (IsT-CM) in high concentration of 100% increased the LDH transudation rate (P<0.01), while in low concentration of 10%, IsT-CM reduced the transudation rate (P<0.05). For ischemia/reperfusion neurons, all kinds of CMECs-CM reduced the transudation rate respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01). As far as each group concentration was concerned, 10% or 50% showed relatively stronger effects, and both conditioned medium of normal CMECs (N-CM) group and conditioned medium of ischemic/reperfusional CMECs (Rp-CM) group had statistical significance (P<0.05 or P<0.01). For normal neurons, all kinds of CMECs-CM increased the transudation rate respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01). As far as each group concentration was concerned, only conditioned medium of normal CMECs (N-CM) had statistical significance (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The study shows that TLJNI is capable of preventing the damage of CMECs from both ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion states. Chinese drug can restrain the brain ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion damage by the media that CMECs modulate the neurons, demonstrating the pharmacological mechanisms of TLJNI. This work also indicates that there exist some active substances against ischemia/reperfusion injury secreted from CMECs-CM with TLJNI treatment.

In vivo detection of Alzheimer senile plaques by MR microscopy in transgenic mice / 中华放射学杂志

Objective MR microscopy technique was used to study the visualization of senile plaque deposition in brains of the Alzheimer disease(AD)transgenic mice.Methods Two transgenic mice and 2 wild type mice at the age of 17 months were scanned in vivo using T_2 weighted image.After MR imaging,the brains were cut serially and immunostained according to the orthogonal pilot images.MR T_2 weighted images and immunohistological images of the senile plaque were observed and matched.Results The MR images showed that some black spots were visible in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the AD transgenic mice and some spots were consistent with the senile plaques on immunohistological sections.There were no spots in the MR images and the immunohistological sections of the wild type mice.Conclusion It is possible that MR microscopy can be used to detect the deposition of the senile plaque and diagnose AD specifically.